Toxic Effects of Cisplatin on Hepatocytes and Liver Enzymes of Rats

Introduction: Cisplatin is an antineoplastic drug, which is widely used for the treatment of solid&nbsp;tumors. However, its clinical usage is limited because of its side effects such as hepatotoxicity.&nbsp;This study aimed to identify toxic effects of cisplatin on hepatocytes of rats. Methods: A total of 45 adult Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200&plusmn;30 g were randomly&nbsp;divided into experimental (n=30) and control (n=15) groups. Rats of experimental groups&nbsp;were divided into 2 subgroups; subgroup 1 received 2 consecutive 2.5mg/kg dose of cisplatin,&nbsp;intraperitoneally in the beginning of first and fifth weeks of the study. Subgroup 2 also received&nbsp;2 consecutive 5mg/kg dose of cisplatin in the same manner of subgroup 1. After 8 weeks, rats&nbsp;of both groups were anesthetized and killed. Then, their blood and tissue samples were taken.&nbsp;Prepared sections were stained by HE method. Collected data from microscopic slides and&nbsp;blood samples were analyzed by SPSS using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences in the activity of enzymes (ALT,&nbsp;AST, ALP) between control and experimental groups (P<0.001). Analysis of sinusoidal&nbsp;diameter also showed a significant difference between studied groups (P<0.001) too. Conclusion: Cisplatin disorganizes the architecture of hepatic lobules and increases sinusoidal&nbsp;diameter in rat liver.